Bentonite is a highly versatile clay mineral composed primarily of montmorillonite, renowned for its unique swelling, water-absorbing, and sealing properties. It is widely used in a variety of industries, including oil and gas, construction, and agriculture. In the oil and gas industry, Bentonite serves as a key component in drilling fluids, where it helps to control pressure, stabilize the wellbore, and remove cuttings. It is also used in foundries as a molding sand binder, in the construction industry for waterproofing and as an additive for cement, and in agriculture for soil conditioning and improvement. Bentonite is available in both sodium and calcium forms, each offering specific benefits for different applications.